#$1\mathrm{.}1\mathrm{.}4444$ Explain the concept of fluid mechanics in civil engineering, outlining the fundamental principles governing the behavior of fluids such as liquids and gases. Discuss key topics including fluid statics, fluid dynamics, and the conservation of mass, momentum, and energy in fluid flow. Furthermore, elucidate the significance of fluid mechanics in various civil engineering applications such as water supply systems, drainage networks, and hydraulic structures. Describe how understanding fluid behavior enables engineers to design efficient and sustainable solutions for managing water resources and mitigating environmental risks.