#1) (10 points) Explain what adding functionality without anyone needing to physically access the product means. How is this made possible how does it work? Give an example. What is its impact on the producer and customer?

#3) (10 points) In SIRI DOR (Cost) Table, explain why R&D cost category has DOR=3 for the SIRI dimension Integrated Product Lifecycle?

#4) (10 points) In SIRI DOR (KPI) Table, explain why Production Flexibility cost category has DOR=3 for the SIRI dimension Shopfloor Intelligence?

#6) (15 points) Ardemir A.. is manufacturing air conditioning units of various types and sizes, which results in a large number of parts and components they have to carry as stock. They sell these units through an extensive distributor network in the domestic market. For the export, on the other hand, they sell to selected companies in different countries. Ardemir A.. operates using make-to-order policy.

Due to the wide span of their product portfolio, they have a highly complex production mix. They receive a high number of different orders from its customers each with a relatively low order size. At any given time, there are thousands of different parts in thousands of boxes on the factory floor. When manufacturing an order, they have to collect the parts associated with that order for its final assembly. Finding the box of a needed part among the thousands of boxes is time consuming and increases the throughput time for that order. Suggest an automation solution in detail to reduce the time needed for bringing together the parts needed for an assembly.

#8) (25 points) Consider a Company with manufacturing and assembly facilities. The Company has decided to design a new model of an existing product, where several parts will be assembled resulting in the final product. Some of these parts will be purchased from suppliers and the remaining ones manufactured at the facility. All parts are subject to tolerances, where tolerances are decision variables, which can be adjusted within certain ranges through material selection and/or manufacturing process. Selection of a smaller tolerance range for a part is known to result in a higher part cost. The control for the final product checks whether certain dimensions of the product is within acceptable ranges. These ranges are a result of the combination of the ranges of the individual parts. A product which does not meet any of its tolerance ranges is scrapped.

The Company aims to select the tolerance ranges for the products such that the total part cost for an acceptable product is minimum. How would you make use of Digital Twin for arriving at such a design?