1. (16 marks) (a) What is the most likely shape of the distribution of observations in the following studies (justify your answers)? (i) The age of mothers at the birth of their first child (ii) The number of babies born per day at a large maternity hospital (iii) The weight of people (parents and children) present at a child's second birthday party (iv) The number of siblings people at Murdoch University have (b) For large units at universities, multiple members of staff may be responsible for marking. To ensure that a students grade is not affected by the person who has marked his or her assignments and exams, it is important that those responsible for marking are consistent with each other. The coordinator for a unit with 60 students wants to check whether or not she and a tutor for the unit are consistent in their marking. To do this, she randomly selects a question from each assignment and marks it. She then has the tutor do likewise, and she compares their marks to see if they were the same or not. What test would be most appropriate to assess the consistency in their marking? Why? (c) High doses of oestrogen interfere with male fertility in many animals, including mice. However, there may be significant differences in the response to oestrogen in different mouse strains. To compare oestrogen in different strains of mice, researchers implanted capsules containing lug of oestrogen into four different strains of juvenile male mice. After 20 days, they measured their testicular weights. What type of study is this? What statistical test(s) might reasonably applied to address the research question of interest? Name all appropriate tests. 1. (16 marks) (a) What is the most likely shape of the distribution of observations in the following studies (justify your answers)? (i) The age of mothers at the birth of their first child (ii) The number of babies born per day at a large maternity hospital (iii) The weight of people (parents and children) present at a child's second birthday party (iv) The number of siblings people at Murdoch University have (b) For large units at universities, multiple members of staff may be responsible for marking. To ensure that a students grade is not affected by the person who has marked his or her assignments and exams, it is important that those responsible for marking are consistent with each other. The coordinator for a unit with 60 students wants to check whether or not she and a tutor for the unit are consistent in their marking. To do this, she randomly selects a question from each assignment and marks it. She then has the tutor do likewise, and she compares their marks to see if they were the same or not. What test would be most appropriate to assess the consistency in their marking? Why? (c) High doses of oestrogen interfere with male fertility in many animals, including mice. However, there may be significant differences in the response to oestrogen in different mouse strains. To compare oestrogen in different strains of mice, researchers implanted capsules containing lug of oestrogen into four different strains of juvenile male mice. After 20 days, they measured their testicular weights. What type of study is this? What statistical test(s) might reasonably applied to address the research question of interest? Name all appropriate tests