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A control technique accomplishes standardized behavior and work outputs. Multiple Choice direct supervision bureaucratic management by objectives feedforward clan. H www Why is return on investment (ROI) the most commonly used financial performance measure? Multiple Choice It predicts whether profits will cover fixed costs. It helps monitors the level of debt an organization is carrying in order to maintain a good credit rating. It shows whether organizations can pay creditors without selling assets. It measures how efficiently managers are turning inventory over. It allows managers of one organization to compare performance with that of other organizations in its industry. To continuously improve efficiency and effectiveness, an organization must first Multiple Choice evaluate the potential of change. decide on what change to make. implement desirable change. assess the need for change. identify obstacles to change. For a general sense of how one organization's monetary incentives relate to other organizations in the same industry, managers can compare Multiple Choice pay levels. pay structures. performance appraisals. benefit plans. employee perks. Julia's company has a well-documented performance management process whereby each employee's performance correlates directly to yearly bonuses and pay raises. This process demonstrates motivation through a high level of instrumentality. True or False True False Learning theory focuses on Multiple Choice the fair distribution of training opportunities. the best format for effective growth and development. the linkage between performance and outcomes in the motivation equation. distributive justice. exploring in depth which outcomes motivate people to perform at a high level. Legitimate power Multiple Choice fosters high performance if used often and consistently. respects employee dignity and is highly ethical. is heavily influenced by personal leadership style. helps clarify expectations between managers and employees. is a cornerstone of effective leadership. To be effective as a manager, one should use coercive power Multiple Choice sparingly because it can cause employees stress. occasionally as it can be too expensive. to control employee behavior. to ensure employees meet department goals on time. use coercive power frequently to standardize employee outputs