$1\mathrm{.}2$ What is the difference between pass by value and pass by reference in C

$1\mathrm{.}3$ Discuss the significance of loops in programming. Provide examples of three types of loops used in C$++$ and explain when each type is most appropriate to use. $(5)$

$1\mathrm{.}4$ What is the purpose of the getline function in C$++?$ Explain its syntax and provide an example of its usage. $(5)$

Answer text Question $4$

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