$1).............$ Chance$-$common............... causes of variability represent the inherent, natural variability of a process $-$

its background noise. Variation resulting from $............$ assignable............... causes represents generally large,

unsatisfactory disturbances to the usual process performance. $........$ Assignable cause................. variation can

usually be traced, perhaps to a change in material, equipment, or operator method.

$2)..............$ A Shewhart control chart................ can be used to monitor a process and to identify occurrences of

assignable causes. There is a high probability that an assignable cause has occurred when a plot point is $....$ Outof$-$

control limits$...................$

$3)$ Relative to the control chart, the $....$ Type I Error............. represents the probability of concluding the process is

out of control when it isn't, meaning a plot point is outside the control limits when in fact the process is still in

control. In process operation, high frequencies of false alarms could lead could to excessive investigation costs,

unnecessary process adjustment $($and increased variability$),$ and lack of credibility for SPC methods.

$4)$ The $....$ Type II Error..................represents the probability of concluding the process is in control, when actually

it is not; this results from a plot point within the control limits even though the process mean has shifted out of

control. The effect on process operations of failing to detect an out$-$of$-$control shift would be an increase in nonconforming

product and associated costs.

$5)$ The statement that a process is in a state of $..........$ statistical control...................... means that assignable or

special causes of variation have been removed; characteristic parameters like the mean, standard deviation, and

probability distribution are constant; and process behavior is predictable.

$6)$ In order to achieve high$-$quality production, it's essential for $......$ Specification Limits.......................... to cover

$......$ Control Limits......................... When areas fall beyond the specification limits but within the control limits$,$

it's called as the $............$ Nonconforming region........................