$1-41$ A wind turbine with an average power rating of $50$ kW generates $600$ kWh power in a given

$24-$hour period. What is the capacity factor of this turbine during this period?

$($a$)0\mathrm{.}1$

$($b$)0\mathrm{.}25$

$($c$)0\mathrm{.}5$

$($d$)0\mathrm{.}6$

$($e$)1$

$1-42$ Express $100$ toe energy in kWh unit. $1$ toe $=41\mathrm{.}868GJ.$

$($a$)1,163,000kWh$

$($b$)1163$ kWh

$($c$)323$ kWh

$($d$)323,000kWh$

$($e$)100,000kWh$

$1-43$ Express $999$ GWh energy in toe unit. $1$ toe $=41\mathrm{.}868$ GJ$.$

$($a$)23\mathrm{.}9$ toe

$($b$)23,860$ toe

$($c$)85\mathrm{.}9$ toe

$($d$)85,899$ toe

$($e$)999$ toe

FOSSIL FUELS AND NUCLEAR ENERGY

$1-44$ What are the main energy sources? What are the main fossil fuels?

$1-45$ What are the common coal types?

$1-46$ What causes CO emission in a combustion process? Will there be any CO emission when fuel

is burned with stoichiometric or excess air? Explain.

$1-47$ What are the most common uses of coal and petroleum products?

$1-48$ What are the categories of oil used in power plants and industrial heating applications? Briefly

describe their characteristics.

$1-49$ How is natural gas transported? Explain.

$1-50$ What are the common uses of natural gas?

$1-51$ What is nuclear energy? Briefly describe fission and fusion reactions.

$1-52$ Why is electricity the most valuable form of energy?

$1-53$ What is a smart grid? Explain.

$1-54$ The ultimate analysis of a coal from Colorado is as follows by mass: $79\mathrm{.}61$ percent carbon

$($C$),4\mathrm{.}66$ percent hydrogen $(H_2),4\mathrm{.}76$ percent oxygen $(O_2),1\mathrm{.}83$ percent nitrogen $(N_2),0\mathrm{.}52$ percent

sulfur $($S$),$ and $8\mathrm{.}62$ percent ash $($noncombustibles$).$ What are the higher and lower heating values of

this coal? The heating value of sulfur is $9160k\frac{J}{k}g.$