$1\mathrm{.}5$ Populate the following table to explain the traffic stream parameters. $(3)$

Traffic stream

variable

Definition Unit

q

u The space$-$mean speed is the average speed based on

average travel time.

m$/$sec

k

s

h The intervals of time vehicles pass an observer at fixed

location one after another $($i$.$e$.$ time between successive

vehicles$).$ It is also the reciprocate of flow rate $($q$).$

h$/$veh

$1\mathrm{.}6$ Given the following traffic counts data, calculate the peak hour factor $($PHF$)$ for the

specified interval. Also describe the type of traffic flow during the peak hour for this road. $(3)$

Time of the day Volume $($Vehicle$)$

$7$:$00-7$:$15400$

$7$:$15-7$:$30650$

$7$:$30-7$:$45750$

$7$:$45-8$:$00625$

$1\mathrm{.}7$ Explain the difference between pre$-$timed and demand$-$actuated traffic signals.