$16)$ with higher volumes and lower weekly variability may be best served with a make$-$to$-$stock and efficient supply chain design. $17)$ The bullwhip effect refers to a phenomenon in any supply chain, where the ordering patterns experience increasing variance as they move closer to the end customer. $18)$ Responsive supply chains work best when firms offer standard services or products with a high volume $.19)$ A materials requirements planning $($MRP$)$ explosion occurs when the system is bombarded with too many orders to schedule at one time $.20)$ FOQ $($Fixed Order Quantity$)$ in the inventory record is a lot$-$sizing rule that attempts to minimize the amount of average inventory $.$