1) A hypothesis can be defined as:

a) The process of understanding why certain phenomena occur

b) A clearly defined strategy to evaluate a particular idea

c) A set of propositions that describe inter-relationships among concepts

d) A specific, testable statement explaining the conditions under which something occurs

2) Which of the following is a weakness of experimental designs:

a) They cannot establish causal relationships

b) Not all phenomena can be studied in controlled settings or manipulated

c) They generally require a control group

d) They cannot eliminate alternative explanations

3) A mediator is a variable that_____.

a) Determines the likelihood of a sequence of events

b) Affects the direction and/or the strength of the relationship between two variables

c) Explains the mechanism linking the dependent variable and the independent variable

d) All of the above

4) __________ can be defined as the relatively enduring pattern of thoughts, emotions, and

behaviours that characterise a person, along with the psychological processes behind those

characteristics.

a) Values

b) Personality

c) Motivation

d) Perception

5) Which of the dimensions Hofstede used to define differences between national cultures refers to

the degree to which people value relationships and show concern for others?

a) Femininity

b) Collectivism

c) Short-term orientation

d) Long-term orientation

6) Schwartz's circumplex model of values includes all of the following EXCEPT:

a) Power

b) Stimulation

c) Achievement

d) Affiliation

7) The _____ effect is a phenomenon where the high expectations individuals have of themselves

lead to a high level of performance.

a) Pygmalion

b) Golem

c) Galatea

d) Maslow

8) When Green Corp. recently acquired Orange Corp., employees in each company began to

privately complain about the behaviour and performance of employees at the other organisation.

For example, Orange employees would claim that Green employees lacked customer service

skills, whereas Green employees claimed that they were more responsive to customer needs.

Employees would also label each other by their former colour ('She's a Greenie'). Which of the

following theories / phenomena would be appropriate to analyse this incident?

a) Social identity theory

b) Self-serving bias

c) Tuckman's stages of group development

d) Attribution theory

9) Suppose that Rebecca, your supervisor, makes a fundamental attribution error when evaluating

your job performance. Which of the following is most likely to occur?

a) Rebecca would tend to give you a lower appraisal rating because she thinks your good

performance is due mainly to her effective leadership over you.

b) Rebecca will tend to rate you high or low on all performance dimensions based mainly on

her overall impression of you.

c) Rebecca would tend to give you a higher or lower appraisal rating based on what she thinks

is your ability and motivation, rather than taking external factors (such as helpful

colleagues) into account.

d) Rebecca will likely rate you based on her initial impression of your potential ability.

10) How might the self-serving bias be observed in a corporate annual report?

a) The report would say more about the company's problems and less about its successes.

b) The report would emphasise the role of competition, inflationary pressures and other

external causes of problems in the organisation's performance.

c) The report would exclude any bad news about the organisation's performance.

d) The report would acknowledge that competition, the economy and other external factors

should be credited for some of the company's recent success.

11) The _________ refers to the idea that we tend to experience a mildly positive mood - rather

than a neutral one - when nothing in particular is going on.

a) Positivity offset

b) Golem effect

c) Asymmetry effect

d) Negativity bias

12) Employees who stay with an organisation mainly because they feel a sense of obligation to

remain are likely to have:

a) High continuance commitment.

b) High job satisfaction

c) High normative commitment.

d) All of the above.

13) According to Herzberg, which of the following is NOT a motivator?

a) Autonomy

b) Job security

c) Responsibility

d) Personal growth

14) In Vroom's expectancy theory, _______ is the perceived relationship between performance and

outcomes.

a) Motivation

b) Expectancy

c) Valence

d) Instrumentality

15) A job characteristic in which employees are able to complete something from beginning to end

or there is a visible outcome of the work is called:

a) Skill variety

b) Task significance

c) Job feedback

d) Task identity