$1$

$($a$)$ What do you mean by interfacial transition zone? How does it affect strength?

$($b$)$ Define water$-$cement ratio. Why does very low water$-$cement ratio make concrete stronger?

$2$

$($a$)$ How does maximum size of coarse aggregate affect strength? Does grading of sand affect strength and how?

$($b$)$ What do you mean by platen's effect? How does loading rate affect strength?

$3$

$($a$)$ Draw stress$-$strain graph of M$20$ and M$100$ concrete on same graph. If steel fiber is added to M$100,$ how will stress$-$strain curve change?

$($b$)$ What do you mean by accelerated curing? Do $28$ day normally cured concrete and accelerated cured concrete show same strength?

$4$

$($a$)$ What do you mean by special confinement reinforcement? Where is this reinforcement provided? What is the use of by special confinement reinforcement?

$($b$)$ Draw stress strain curve of concrete with and without reinforcement.

$($c$)$ Draw probability density curve of compressive strength and show therein characteristic strength and target strength.

$5$

$($a$)$ Under what conditions does corrosion of rebar take place? What do you mean by chloride induced corrosion?

$($b$)$ What is meant by sulfate attack? What are methods to improve sulfate attack?

$($c$)$ Define carbonation in concrete.

$6$

$($a$)$ What is the need of non$-$ destructive testing of concrete?

$($b$)$ State advantages and disadvantages of rebound hammer. How does carbonation affect rebound number?

$($c$)$ Write down corrections necessary for core cutter test method.