$1.$ Analyze the differences between the coordinator$-$based and token$-$based solutions for mutual exclusion in distributed systems. How does each approach handle contention and ensure fairness among processes?

$2.$ Compare and contrast assertion$-$based solutions and token$-$based solutions for achieving mutual exclusion. What are the key design differences, and how do these impact their performance in distributed environments?

$3.$ Examine the failure recovery mechanisms in token$-$based mutual exclusion protocols. How does the loss of a token affect the system, and what strategies are employed to recover from such failures?