$1.$ Consider a system $($cooling$,$ lubrication, etc.$)$ or equipment $($main engine, diesel generator, boiler, etc.$)$ among the ship engine room systems and determine $10$ heat transfer points that you consider important within the scope of the system. Describe the type of heat transfer mechanism occurring at these points. Also state and discuss the factors that may affect the heat transfer at these points and the applications that can increase the heat transfer efficiency.

$2.$ What is a heat exchanger? Specify their types and explain the working principles of each. Also state what are the factors that can negatively affect the heat transfer in heat exchangers. State and discuss approaches that can eliminate these negative effects and increase the efficiency of the heat exchanger.