1. Consider an Amazon order fulfillment center process: The orders must at the first step be reviewed by a staff once the order is received at this center via their order tracking software, which includes sending the order details to the warehouse to be picked up from the shelves, and sending the customer information to the print shop to print shipping and return labels for that order. Once this first step is complete, the warehouse picks up the items as per the order, and locates them in a box proportionate to the size of the items, and adds gift wrapping if asked on the order. Meanwhile, the print shop checks for the customer address in the database and fills in the label template that must be taped on the package for shipping and delivery. Another person at the quality control unit takes care of the last step, which is to verify the items to be the right ones by comparing them to the customer order sheet, and also by checking the label information for correctness, in which case s/he puts the label on the box, seals it, and puts it aside for shipment. The order processing is finished at this point for each order. The list of activities above is given in Table 1.1. Activity 1 Order reception and dispatch Warehouse (supply of the items, gift wrapping, and boxing) Labels printing for shipment Quality Control and sealing A simple flowchart of activities above is provided below. AWN 2 1-1. Every day 120 orders are received at this center. Consider a day to be 8 hours of operation. Find the flow rate of orders (inflow rate) at step 1 per hour and per minute. (5 points) 1-2. The order reception (Step 1) takes 20 minutes in average. Find the average number of orders waiting at the reception (Step 1). (5 points). 1-3. Observations also show that on average 5 orders are at some processing stage at the warehouse step (Step 2) at any time. Find the flow time for step 2 accordingly (5 points) 1-4. Consider the labels printing (Step 3) taking 10 minute in average, and the quality control and sealing step (Step 4) taking 5 minutes in average. Based on the given activity durations and the duration you have calculated in section 1-3, which path is a critical path in this process? Show your calculations toward making this conclusion (5 points) 1-5. What is the takt time for this process (ie, how many minutes at maximum it must take to handle the daily orders within the same day)? (5 points) 1-6.Identify the 5 components of a process for this process (there are 6 components to define a process through, and the "network of activities" is already provided in the question above, so please identify the other 5. There is no buffer in the process as per the description above) (5 points) unique and 10,000 2. Three firms below have bought manufacturing systems with the specifications below to allow them offer products needed by their target market. Firm A Firm B Firm C Number of product types sold Few number of Large number of Few number of core different products products customized products Average sales volume per product 100 3,500,000 fi.e., the number of items sold from each unique product offered) The specifications of the Expensive and highly Expensive and Highly specialized and production line equipment & flexible highly flexible high speed resources equipment/resources 2-1. Based on the annual report below, which firm is of a better strategic fit, meaning a better match between its process structure and its product output? (2 points) Explain what makes that company a better performer? (2 points) 2-2.Use the "Process Flexibility vs. Product Variety" graph, and mark the 3 companies above on this graph based on where you believe they stand in terms of their process architecture fitness to their product variety level (6 points) Process Flexibility OBOR Opportunity BATCH LINE FLOWS CONTINE FLOW 1 Cest Out-of-pocket 5 Produce 3. Which statement below is True, and which one is False? (5 points) For the False ones explain why they are incorrect for what is the correct statement) (5 points) 3-1) Flow unit is the item being processed, and can be one of the inputs of the process 3-2) Inputs are transformed into outputs of a process through the network of activities, and by the help of the resources and information 3-3) Buffer is a flow unit which is waiting to go to the next step in a process 3-4) Job shop is a process architecture that allows producing large volumes of standard products 3.5) Operational frontier refers to the position of the best companies in each market in terms of their product attributes 1. Consider an Amazon order fulfillment center process: The orders must at the first step be reviewed by a staff once the order is received at this center via their order tracking software, which includes sending the order details to the warehouse to be picked up from the shelves, and sending the customer information to the print shop to print shipping and return labels for that order. Once this first step is complete, the warehouse picks up the items as per the order, and locates them in a box proportionate to the size of the items, and adds gift wrapping if asked on the order. Meanwhile, the print shop checks for the customer address in the database and fills in the label template that must be taped on the package for shipping and delivery. Another person at the quality control unit takes care of the last step, which is to verify the items to be the right ones by comparing them to the customer order sheet, and also by checking the label information for correctness, in which case s/he puts the label on the box, seals it, and puts it aside for shipment. The order processing is finished at this point for each order. The list of activities above is given in Table 1.1. Activity 1 Order reception and dispatch Warehouse (supply of the items, gift wrapping, and boxing) Labels printing for shipment Quality Control and sealing A simple flowchart of activities above is provided below. AWN 2 1-1. Every day 120 orders are received at this center. Consider a day to be 8 hours of operation. Find the flow rate of orders (inflow rate) at step 1 per hour and per minute. (5 points) 1-2. The order reception (Step 1) takes 20 minutes in average. Find the average number of orders waiting at the reception (Step 1). (5 points). 1-3. Observations also show that on average 5 orders are at some processing stage at the warehouse step (Step 2) at any time. Find the flow time for step 2 accordingly (5 points) 1-4. Consider the labels printing (Step 3) taking 10 minute in average, and the quality control and sealing step (Step 4) taking 5 minutes in average. Based on the given activity durations and the duration you have calculated in section 1-3, which path is a critical path in this process? Show your calculations toward making this conclusion (5 points) 1-5. What is the takt time for this process (ie, how many minutes at maximum it must take to handle the daily orders within the same day)? (5 points) 1-6.Identify the 5 components of a process for this process (there are 6 components to define a process through, and the "network of activities" is already provided in the question above, so please identify the other 5. There is no buffer in the process as per the description above) (5 points) unique and 10,000 2. Three firms below have bought manufacturing systems with the specifications below to allow them offer products needed by their target market. Firm A Firm B Firm C Number of product types sold Few number of Large number of Few number of core different products products customized products Average sales volume per product 100 3,500,000 fi.e., the number of items sold from each unique product offered) The specifications of the Expensive and highly Expensive and Highly specialized and production line equipment & flexible highly flexible high speed resources equipment/resources 2-1. Based on the annual report below, which firm is of a better strategic fit, meaning a better match between its process structure and its product output? (2 points) Explain what makes that company a better performer? (2 points) 2-2.Use the "Process Flexibility vs. Product Variety" graph, and mark the 3 companies above on this graph based on where you believe they stand in terms of their process architecture fitness to their product variety level (6 points) Process Flexibility OBOR Opportunity BATCH LINE FLOWS CONTINE FLOW 1 Cest Out-of-pocket 5 Produce 3. Which statement below is True, and which one is False? (5 points) For the False ones explain why they are incorrect for what is the correct statement) (5 points) 3-1) Flow unit is the item being processed, and can be one of the inputs of the process 3-2) Inputs are transformed into outputs of a process through the network of activities, and by the help of the resources and information 3-3) Buffer is a flow unit which is waiting to go to the next step in a process 3-4) Job shop is a process architecture that allows producing large volumes of standard products 3.5) Operational frontier refers to the position of the best companies in each market in terms of their product attributes