1) Consider the following program. What output is produced if static scoping is used? What output is produced if dynamic scoping is used? (4pts)

int a, b; void p() { int a, p; a = 0; b = 1; p = 2; return p; } void print() { printf("%d %d ", a, b); } void q() { int b; a = 3; b = 4; print(); } int main() { a = p(); q(); return 0; }

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2) Consider the following program. What output is produced if static scoping is used? What output is produced if dynamic scoping is used? (4pts)

int a, b, c; void print() { printf("%d %d %d ", a, b, c); } void q() { int b; a = 5; b = 4; print(); } void p() { int a; a = 0; b = 1; c = a + b; q(); } int main() { p(); return 0; }

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3) Consider the following program. What output is produced if static scoping is used? (4pts)

procedure P0 var x: integer;

procedure P1(x: integer) begin x := x + 1; P2 end procedure P2 begin x := x * 2; end begin x := 1; P1(x); print x end

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