$1.$ Elaborate on the methods through which solutions are depicted and encoded in ACO and PSO.$$

$2.$ Detail the search procedure in ACO and PSO, encompassing the utilization of pheromone trails in ACO and particle movements in PSO.$$

$3.$ Deliberate on whether ACO and PSO utilize local search mechanisms and their integration.$$

$4.$ Clarify how ACO and PSO algorithms facilitate communication and collaboration among individuals to enhance the search process.$$

$5.$ Explain the concept of particle swarm optimisation and its application in classification and clustering tasks$6.$ Comprehend the principles and concept of ant colony optimisation algorithms