1. Emergent mathematical understanding develops from: Working carefully through written problems. Listening to the teacher's verbal explanations. Active participation in play-based experiences. 2. Multiple representations of number: Help children to make connections between ideas and concepts. Give children a chance to practice their colouring in skills. Distracts children from the main focus of the lesson. 3. Multiple representations of number include: Pictures, symbols, real-life contexts, tally marks, concrete apparatus. Verbal representations, written representations, pictorial representations, physical representations and real-life problem solving. Physical resources, drawings, verbal communication, symbolic representations and doodling. 4. Playful opportunities help children to develop: A conceptual and contextual understanding of maths. Independence and flexibility. Both A and B