1. Fill in the boxes ( ) with the appropriate word(s). Remember that when conducting a test of hypothesis, you need a test statistic. You also need to know the distribution of the test statistic. In this way, you can calculate the p-value, which helps you decide whether the sample data provide compelling evidence against the null hypothesis. In linear regression analysis, all tests of hypotheses use the F-statistic, which is the ratio between two estimates of variance, expressed as mean squares: F = regression mean square mean square When the regression mean square is so much larger than the mean square in the denominator, you are likely to the null hypothesis. The numerator of the F-statistic (i.e., the regression mean square) is also a ratio: it is the regression sum of squares divided by its ummm, which is determined by The denominator of the F-statistic is also a ratio: it is the divided by its , which is determined by When the value of the F-statistic is less than 1, this indicates that the numerator mean square is than the denominator mean square, and this leads to the of the null hypothesis. When the numerator degrees of freedom of the F-statistic is 1, you can represent the test statistic using a t-value, which can be obtained by taking them of the F-statistic. It is a test statistic that has a t-distribution with degrees of freedom equal to