$\mathrm{.}1$ How would you differentiate between traditional attack techniques like phishing and malware attacks and more advanced tactics such as zero$-$day exploits and supply chain attacks?

In your discussion Elaborate What are the key indicators that software engineers should look out for to detect and mitigate these threats effectively.

$(10$ Marks$)$

$1\mathrm{.}2$ Given the complexity and interconnectedness of your company's software stack, how would you prioritize security measures across different layers of the system, including web applications, mobile apps, APIs, and backend infrastructure?

Note In your discussion Elaborate on What strategies would you employ to ensure comprehensive coverage and minimize the risk of overlooking critical vulnerabilities.