1. I understand that the null hypothesis (Ho): u1 = u2= u3 indicates that any differences that may exist between the sample means are not caused by systematic treatment effects but are the result of random unsystematic factors and the alternative hypothesis (H1) specifically states or indicates: ________ 1. I am learning that the denominator of the F-ratio of the repeated-measures ANOVA test measures how much variance is expected if there are no systematic treatment effects and no individual differences contributing to variability of scores, and this denominator is called the:_________