1. Identify Process and elaborate the activities 2. Draw Process Flow Diagrams in MS VISIO or any cross-functional Visio online or any cross-functional online and use the same shape Processes using functional systems

Functional Information Systems Although organizations utilize a variety of information systems, most systemslike most organizationstend to focus on functions rather than processes and are not well integrated. That is, they do not easily share data and information with one another. Once again, this lack of integration arose from historical situations. Systems in organizations have evolved over the years in isolation. That is, each functional area or department developed a system that suited its purposes well. Thus, sales developed order management systems, warehouses developed systems to track inventory of materials, accounting developed systems to track invoices and payments, and so on. These functional information systems evolved independently of one another. Because the work was performed in functional silos, organizations gave little thought to sharing the data among functions or departments. As a result, although organizations have implemented systems to support the work of individual functional areas, exchanging information among them is often difcult. To make matters worse, information is often exchanged manually, as Figure 2 illustrates. The use of functional information systems has reduced delays associated with maintaining data within the functions. However, the delays associated with communicating with other departments persist because much of this communication still involves paper documents.