$1.$ In response to a help$-$wanted ad$,$ Jane Armstrong, a $38-$year old woman, applies for a job as a cab driver a the Hacker Cab Company.$$ She has a valid driver$$s license and has driven extensively, but not for pay, for $20$ years.$$ She is a vegetarian and a Capricorn.$$ After a brief interview, at which all these facts emerge, she is rejected by Tip O$$Neill$,$ Hacker$$s president.$$

Armstrong comes to you for legal counsel.$$ You do some investigation.$$ The first call you make is to O$$Neill$,$ who admits the job is still open, but explains that he rejected Armstrong because $$Capricorns make lousy drivers; besides, she$$s too old to adjust to the rigors of cab driving, especially since she doesn$$t eat meat.$$When asked whether Armstrong$$s gender played a role in the decision, O$$Neill replied, $$Hell no$.$ Some of my best friends are women.$$ I don$$t care if my brother married one.$$ Har har.$$ A $$windshield survey$$ of the Hacker Cab Company at shift$-$changing times reveals an almost total absence of women drivers.$$

How could this case be analyzed?