1. Maximize, Minimize

2. equal to, lower than, Higher than

3. Increase, Decrease

4. Lower, Raise

5. Lower, Riase

6 Gorden, CAPM, Hamada

7 is, isnt

8. company action, Market forces, investors action

9. Gorden, CAPM, Hamada

10. Financial, Business, Market

11. true, false

3. 3: Capital Structure and Leverage: Determining the optimal Capital Structure The optimal capital structure is the one that maximizes the price of the firm's stock, and this generally calls for a Debt/Capital ratio that is -Select- the one that maximizes expected EPS. Stock prices are positively related to expected earnings but negatively related to higher risk. To the extent that higher debt levels raise expected EPS, financial leverage works to increase the stock price. However, higher debt levels also -Select- the firm's risk, which -Select- A the cost of equity and works to reduce the stock price. Sophisticated financial managers use their forecasted ratios to predict how bankers and other lenders will judge their firms' risks and thus their costs of debt. However, more debt also raises the risk borne by stockholders, which -Select the cost of equity. It is harder to quantify leverage's effect on the cost of equity, but the -Select- A equation, which can help measure the effect, is shown below: BL = bu[1 + (1 - T)(D/E)] Here bl is the firm's levered beta where the firm has debt in its capital structure, bu is the unlevered beta where there is no debt in the firm's capital structure, T is the corporate tax rate, and D/E is the measure of the firm's financial leverage at the current levered beta. The calculated levered beta bl is then substituted into the CAPM equation and the firm's cost of equity is calculated. Beta is the only variable in the CAPM equation that -Select- A under the firm's control-as the risk-free rate and the market risk premium are determined by -Select- A. Note that a firm's cost of equity can be broken down into the following components: rs = rri + Premium for business risk + Premium for financial risk The -Select- A equation can be rewritten to determine the unlevered beta, bu, which is a measure of the firm's basic -Select- risk. This equation is as follows: bu = b[1 + (1 - T)(D/E)] Give the correct response to the following question. A firm's unlevered beta must be greater than its levered beta. True or false? -Select- A 3. 3: Capital Structure and Leverage: Determining the optimal Capital Structure The optimal capital structure is the one that maximizes the price of the firm's stock, and this generally calls for a Debt/Capital ratio that is -Select- the one that maximizes expected EPS. Stock prices are positively related to expected earnings but negatively related to higher risk. To the extent that higher debt levels raise expected EPS, financial leverage works to increase the stock price. However, higher debt levels also -Select- the firm's risk, which -Select- A the cost of equity and works to reduce the stock price. Sophisticated financial managers use their forecasted ratios to predict how bankers and other lenders will judge their firms' risks and thus their costs of debt. However, more debt also raises the risk borne by stockholders, which -Select the cost of equity. It is harder to quantify leverage's effect on the cost of equity, but the -Select- A equation, which can help measure the effect, is shown below: BL = bu[1 + (1 - T)(D/E)] Here bl is the firm's levered beta where the firm has debt in its capital structure, bu is the unlevered beta where there is no debt in the firm's capital structure, T is the corporate tax rate, and D/E is the measure of the firm's financial leverage at the current levered beta. The calculated levered beta bl is then substituted into the CAPM equation and the firm's cost of equity is calculated. Beta is the only variable in the CAPM equation that -Select- A under the firm's control-as the risk-free rate and the market risk premium are determined by -Select- A. Note that a firm's cost of equity can be broken down into the following components: rs = rri + Premium for business risk + Premium for financial risk The -Select- A equation can be rewritten to determine the unlevered beta, bu, which is a measure of the firm's basic -Select- risk. This equation is as follows: bu = b[1 + (1 - T)(D/E)] Give the correct response to the following question. A firm's unlevered beta must be greater than its levered beta. True or false? -Select- A