1. Scientific knowledge can be defined as justified ________. Knowledge derived from scientific methods is based on empirical evidence that can be proven repeatedly (replicability).

a) theory

b) deductive

c) qualitative

d) true belief

2. A conjecture is a personal opinion without any empirical evidence, while a _________ is an explanation backed by empirical evidence.

a) religious

b) theory

c) deductive

d) qualitative

3. Individuals are mostly influenced by intrinsic factors comprising of temperament and personality, these come from within a person. People are also influenced by __________ factors which consist of situational, social and physical elements.

a) unit of analysis

b) research design

c) theoretical framework

d) extrinsic

4. Theories can be depicted and illustrated by variables and relationships between these variables. There are usually two types of relationships: __________ and correlations.

a) independent

b) qualitative

c) cause and effect

d) dependent

5. Research is influenced by philosophy. The study of how we determine what is real, and whether something exist is known as _________. If we were doing quantitative research, reality is determined objectively and by using a set of criteria to measure reality.

a) ontology

b)intrinsic

c) quantitative

d) constructivists

6. A ___________believes that knowledge is created and built through life experiences, and what is real and how one sees the world is unique to each person. As the person live through his life, how they see the world and what they believe to be real and true evolves.

a) ontology

b) intrinsic

c) quantitative

d) constructivists

7. Examples of _________ research methods are experiments, quasi-experiments, descriptive and correlational.

a) ontology

b) intrinsic

c) quantitative

d) constructivists

8. Examples of ____________ research are historical, ethnography, grounded theory and phenomenology.

a) independent

b) qualitative

c) cause and effect

d) dependent

9. When doing quantitative research, the phase after Literature Review is the phase called____________. In this phase, we describe the hypotheses we would like to test.

a) unit of analysis

b) research design

c) theoretical framework

d) extrinsic

10. In the phase called __________ we describe how we are to carry out our research.

a) unit of analysis

b) research design

c) theoretical framework

d) extrinsic

11. Variables are characteristics of __________. These are the objects we compare to find what factors influence them to be different from one another. These objects of study can be individuals, dyads, groups, organizations, communities and countries.

a) unit of analysis

b) research design

c) theoretical framework

d) extrinsic

12. The reason for collecting and analyzing data is to test hypothesis. What is the research approach?

a) qualitative

b) quantitative

c) independent

d) ontology

13. The usual reasoning approach used in this type of research is inductive. We gather data from specific instances and we induce a general theory. We move from specific to general. What is the research approach?

a) qualitative

b) cognitive

c) conjecture

d) quantitative

14.. We adopt an underpinning theory like Theory of Reasoned Action and use it to develop our theoretical framework and hypotheses. Variables are derived from literature. What is the research approach?

a) qualitative

b) quantitative

c) cause and effect

d) dependent