$1.$ Short write$-$up: FX Hedging Please scan website articles to find news articles related to cross$-$border listings of stocks. Two news articles would suffice. Summarize these articles in $1-2$ pages. Please end your write$-$up by commenting on whether these examples you found proved to be valuable to the corporations that list their stocks abroad. $2.$ Answer the following questions: $(1)$ Once capital markets are integrated, it is difficult for a country to maintain a fixed exchange rate. Explain why this may be so$.(2)$ Discuss the conditions under which the capital expenditure of a foreign subsidiary might have a positive NPV in local currency terms but be unprofitable from the parent firm$$s perspective. $3.$ Calculate and discuss: A company in the United States will pay $200,000$ pounds in $180$ days, and the company's financial controller is considering using $(1)$ Hedge in the forward market $(2)$ Hedge in the money market, $(3)$ Hedging options $(4)$ Remain unhedged. The company received the following financial quotes: Today's spot exchange rate is $$1\mathrm{.}50$; The $180-$day forward rate is $$1\mathrm{.}47$; The level of interest rate is: Pound sterling USD $180-$day deposit rate $4\mathrm{.}5\%4\mathrm{.}5\%180-$day loan rate $5\mathrm{.}0\%5\mathrm{.}0\%$ The strike price of $180-$day Sterling call option is $$1\mathrm{.}48,$ and the option premium is $$0\mathrm{.}03$ The strike price of $180-$day Sterling put option is $$1\mathrm{.}49$ and the option premium is $$0\mathrm{.}02$ The company forecasts the market's spot exchange rate $180$ days from now: Possible results Probability of Occurrence $1\mathrm{.}4320\%1\mathrm{.}4670\%1\mathrm{.}5210\%$ The company's finance chief believes it is necessary to calculate the dollar cost of each method of buying pounds in order to find the least expensive method. Please calculate, compare and discuss the results of the four methods.