1. What are the differences between quantitative and qualitative methods? 2. What is a randomized experimental design? How does it test the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable? 3. What is the difference between the pretest and the post test? Why does scholars who conduct experiments use a pretest? 4. What is a repeated measurement design? What is its purpose? 5. What is a multi-group design? What is its purpose? 6. What is the difference between a randomized laboratory experiment and a randomized field experiment? 7. What are some of the benefits of natural field experiments as opposed to doing them in a laboratory? What are some of the potential weaknesses of natural field experiments? 8. What are quasi-experimental designs and how do they differ from experimental designs? 9. What are observational studies? How do they differ from experimental studies? 10. What is a cross-sectional design? What are some of the benefits and drawbacks of such a design? 11. What are longitudinal (time-series) designs? What are the benefits of this type of design? 12. What are age effects and period effects? What are cohorts? 13. What is an intervention analysis? What are the strengths and weaknesses of intervention analysis? 14. What is a trend analysis