1. What is the difference between a longitudinal wave and a transverse wave? Give an example of each.

3. A long row of people are lined up behind one another at a service window. Joe E. Clumsy stumbles into the back of the person at the end and pushes hard enough to generate a wave in the people waiting. What type of wave is produced?

5. The speed of an aircraft is sometimes expressed as a Mach number: Mach 1 means that the speed is equal to the speed of sound. If you wish to determine the speed of an aircraft going Mach 2.2, for example, in meters per second or miles per hour, what additional information do you need?

7. If you were actually in a battle fought in space like the ones shown in science fiction movies like Star Wars VII, would you hear the explosions that occur? Why or why not?

9. A low-frequency sound is heard and then a high-frequency sound is heard. Which sound has a longer wavelength?

11. When trying to hear a faint sound from something far away, we sometimes cup a hand behind an ear. Explain why this can help.

13. A person riding on a bus hears the sound from a horn on a car that is stopped. What is different about the sound when the bus is approaching the car compared to when the bus is moving away from the car?

15. In the past, ships often carried small cannons that were used when approaching shore in dense fog to estimate the distance to the hidden land. Explain how this might have been done.

17. While a shock wave is being generated by a moving wave source, is the Doppler effect also occurring? Explain.

19. If a boat is producing a bow wave as it moves over the water, what must be true about its speed?

21. A recording of a high-frequency pure tone is played through both speakers of a portable stereo placed in an open field. A person a few meters in front of the stereo walks slowly along an arc around it. How does the sound that is heard change as the person moves?