1 Where does the need for adaptive middleware come from 2 Where does the need for at least once and at most once semantics come from Why cant we have exactly once semantics Justify 3 Explain how TCP handoff works and why it is difficult to apply to wide area networks 4 Suggest some applications for...

ANSWER 1 NEED FOR ADAPTIVE MIDDLE WARE Middleware is software which lies between an operating system and the applications running on it Essentially functioning as hidden translation layer middleware e ...

1 Where does the need for adaptive middleware come from? 2 Where does the need for at-least-once...

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1 Where does the need for adaptive middleware come from?
2 Where does the need for at-least-once and at-most-once semantics come from? Why can’t we have exactly-once semantics? – Justify.
3 Explain how TCP handoff works and why it is difficult to apply to wide-area networks.
4 Suggest some applications for the peer process model, distinguishing between cases when the state of all peers needs to be identical and cases that demand less consistency.
5 List the three main software components that may fail when a client process invokes a method in a server object, giving an example of a failure in each case. To what extent are these failures independent of one another? Suggest how the components can be made to tolerate one another’s failures.1