1. With reference to the case below, answer all of the following questions: Tay the Twitter chatbot was developed by Microsoft as a way to better understand how AI interacts with human users online. Tay was programmed to learn to communicate through interactions with Twitter users - in particular, its target audience was young American adults. However, the experiment only lasted 24 hours before Tay was taken offline for publishing extreme and offensive sexist and racist tweets. The ability for Tay to learn from active real-time conversations on Twitter opened the chatbot up to misuse, as its ability to filter out bigoted and offensive data was not adequately developed. As a result, Tay processed, learned from and created responses reflective of the abusive content it encountered, supporting the adage, "garbage in, garbage out".

Case source: Dawson D., Schleiger E., Horton J., McLaughlin J., Robinson C., Quezada G., Scowcroft J., and Hajkowicz S. (2019) Artificial Intelligence: Australia's Ethics Framework. Data61 CSIRO, Australia.

a) Identify and explain one ethical issue involved in each activity (i.e., data collection, data analysis, data communication) based on the ethical principles discussed in PAGE 8 OF 10 this course. Note that you should link your identification and explanations to the case context

b) Provide your suggestions on how to prevent or mitigate each ethical issue you identified in Q5a).