$1.$ Write a Python program to check the validity of password input by users and check if it meets the following criteria:

a$)$ The password entered is between $8$ and $16$ characters long.

b$)$ Contains at least one uppercase letter.

c$)$ Contains at least one digit.

d$)$ Contains at least one special character $($eg: $!$ @ # $ $\%^$ & $*()-+).$