10. In selecting between two projects, both of which will provide different noncash benefits (e.g. increasing firefighter response time or improving a fire prevention program)

a. It is necessary (albeit difficult) to express the benefits in common terms (such as dollars), so that they can be compared to the costs.

b. It would be inappropriate to use present value analysis.

c. The dollar value of a human life should be based on the human value tables of the American Actuarial Society.

d. The focus of analysis should be mainly upon costs, inasmuch as there is no reliable measure of benefits.