11. Data mining is the process of using sophisticated statistical techniques to extract and analyze data from large databases to discern patterns and trends that were not previously known. The patterns we find are correlations, but not necessarily causation Every time we see a link between the occurrence of one event or action with another, we generally assume that one event or action caused the other. But simply linking one occurrence with another does not always prove that the result has been caused by the other. For example, such data mining might suggest the following relationship between arcade revenue and computer science doctorates awarded in the United States, with a correlation of 0.985. LO 10-2 Total revenue generated by arcades correlates with Computer science doctorates awarded in the United States Correlation: 98.51% ( r = 0.985065) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 $2 billion 2000 degrees 1500 degrees $1.5 billion 1000 degrees $1 billion 500 degrees 2000 2001 2003 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 (Due Date. Nov 24 2019) Arcade revenue Computer science doctorates a. Is this simply a correlation? Or is there a possibility that computer science doctorates affect total revenue generated by arcades or vice versa? Explain your answer. Number of people who drowned by falling into a pool correlates with Films Nicolas Cage appeared in Correlation: 66.6% (r = 0.666004) 2007 2003 2004 2006 2009 1999 2000 2001 2002 2005 2008 6 films 140 drownings 120 drownings 4 films 100 drownings 2 films 80 drownings O films 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nicholas Cage Swimming pool drownings Data sources: U.S. Census Bureau and National Science Foundation. b. Is this simply a correlation? Or is there a possibility that the number of people who drowned was Page 267 affected by the films Nicolas Cage appeared in? Explain your answer. Nicholas Cage Swimming pool drownings 11. Data mining is the process of using sophisticated statistical techniques to extract and analyze data from large databases to discern patterns and trends that were not previously known. The patterns we find are correlations, but not necessarily causation Every time we see a link between the occurrence of one event or action with another, we generally assume that one event or action caused the other. But simply linking one occurrence with another does not always prove that the result has been caused by the other. For example, such data mining might suggest the following relationship between arcade revenue and computer science doctorates awarded in the United States, with a correlation of 0.985. LO 10-2 Total revenue generated by arcades correlates with Computer science doctorates awarded in the United States Correlation: 98.51% ( r = 0.985065) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 $2 billion 2000 degrees 1500 degrees $1.5 billion 1000 degrees $1 billion 500 degrees 2000 2001 2003 2002 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 (Due Date. Nov 24 2019) Arcade revenue Computer science doctorates a. Is this simply a correlation? Or is there a possibility that computer science doctorates affect total revenue generated by arcades or vice versa? Explain your answer. Number of people who drowned by falling into a pool correlates with Films Nicolas Cage appeared in Correlation: 66.6% (r = 0.666004) 2007 2003 2004 2006 2009 1999 2000 2001 2002 2005 2008 6 films 140 drownings 120 drownings 4 films 100 drownings 2 films 80 drownings O films 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 Nicholas Cage Swimming pool drownings Data sources: U.S. Census Bureau and National Science Foundation. b. Is this simply a correlation? Or is there a possibility that the number of people who drowned was Page 267 affected by the films Nicolas Cage appeared in? Explain your answer. Nicholas Cage Swimming pool drownings