11- This expression is executed by the for loop only once, regardless of the number of iterations.

a. initialization expression b. test expression c. update expression d. pre-increment expression

12- This is a variable that keeps a running total. a. sentinel

b. sum c. total d. accumulator

13- This is a special value that signals when there are no more items from a list of items to be processed. This value cannot be mistaken as an item from the list. a. sentinel b. flag

c. signal d. accumulator

14-To open a file for writing, you use the following class.

a. PrintWriter

b. FileOpen c. OutputFile

d. FileReader

15- To open a file for reading, you use the following classes.

a. File and Writer

b. File and Output

c. File and Input

d. File and Scanner

16-When a program is finished using a file, it should do this. a. erase the file

b. close the file c. throw an exception d. reset the read position

17- This class allows you to use the print and println methods to write data to a file.

a. File

b. FileReader

c. OutputFile

d. PrintWriter

18- This class allows you to read a line from a file.

a. FileWriter

b. Scanner c. InputFile

d. FileReader