12.1 Consider hosts A and C connected by two Ethernet segments, with a repeater B in the middle. The segments are 10 Mbps and introduce a latency of 3 s and 7s respectively. A is transferring data to C by sending Ethernet frames with a 1500-byte payload. After sending a frame, it waits for an acknowledgment from C before sending the next one. The acknowledgment has a 10-byte payload. Recalling that an Ethernet frame includes an 8-byte preamble and a 14- byte header, a. Calculate the effective data rate of the data transfer. b. Calculate the effective data rate if B were replaced by a bridge. c. Calculate the effective data rate if B were replaced by a cut-through switch.

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