1a. Given the following data:

Average operating assets	$3,096,000
Total liabilities	$356,040
Sales	$1,548,000
Contribution margin	$835,920
Net operating income	$417,960

Return on investment (ROI) would be:

1b. Given the following data:

Return on investment	34%
Turnover	3.2
Margin	8%
Sales	$170,000
Average operating assets	$40,000
Minimum required rate of return	15%

The residual income would be:

1c. The West Division of Frede Corporation had average operating assets of $643,000 and net operating income of $100,000 in December. The minimum required rate of return for performance evaluation purposes is 18%.

What was the West Division's minimum required return in December?