1A: Under which governing system is there divided responsibility for the position of head of state?

A:Presidential

B:Semipresidential

C: Parliamentary

1B: Which of the following countries (at least superficially) has a semipresidential governing system?

A: The United States

B: China

C: Russia

D: Spain

1C: Which of the following is NOT a typical criticism of presidential systems?

A: Dual legitimacy

B: Inflexibly election system

C: Presidents may overemphasize national mandate

D: Too few checks and balances

1D: Which executive type is associated with greater instability?

A:Legislative

B:Parliamentary

C:Judiciary

D: Presidential