Question: 2 2 3 3 2 3 / . Discuss the factors affecting the durability of concrete structures over time. Explain the mechanisms of deterioration such

223323 / .

Discuss the factors affecting the durability of concrete structures over time. Explain the mechanisms of deterioration such as carbonation, sulfate attack, and alkali

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aggregate reaction. How can engineers design concrete mixes and apply protective measures to enhance durability?

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