$22.....$Examine the role of civil engineering in addressing urban flooding and stormwater management challenges in rapidly growing cities. Discuss the factors contributing to urban flooding, such as impervious surfaces, inadequate drainage systems, and climate change effects. Evaluate innovative stormwater management techniques, including green infrastructure, rainwater harvesting, and permeable pavements, and their effectiveness in reducing flood risk and improving water quality in urban environments. Additionally, consider the socio$-$economic impacts of urban flooding on vulnerable communities and explore strategies for promoting resilience and equity in flood risk management practices.