$23532$ "What underlying principles guide the analysis and design of civil engineering structures such as bridges, dams, and buildings? How do considerations of structural mechanics, material properties, and environmental factors inform the decision$-$making process in designing resilient and sustainable infrastructure? Furthermore, how do advancements in computational modeling and simulation techniques contribute to the optimization of structural performance and the mitigation of risks associated with natural hazards and human activities? Exploring these theoretical foundations aids in creating safer, more efficient, and enduring infrastructure systems."