$2.$ Assignment

$2\mathrm{.}1.$ Low$-$Rise Steel Structure and Its Earthquake Response

This assignment aims to enhance your simulation abilities for the analysis of steel structures using the LUSAS Finite Element software. Through this assignment, you will investigate the global behaviour of a building for earthquake response using two different methods. Furthermore, you will consider the embodied carbon of your structure and its overall implications, including practical steps to minimise the impact of climate change.

For this assignment, you need to analyse the structure of a seven$-$storey, dual$-$use building suitable for both residential and office purposes, intended to replace an existing one$-$storey building. Of the seven storeys, six levels are used for the flats, and one level is used for parking.

As shown in Figure $1,$ the total available land is $699\mathrm{.}68$ m$?.$ The local council allows $1\mathrm{.}6$ times the land area to be used for flats across six storeys $(187$ m$\text{'}$ for each storey$).$

The ground floor is allocated for parking space, adding an additional $187$ m$\text{'}.$ In total, you have seven storeys, including one level for parking. You may also consider incorporating a basement for additional parking $($another $187$ m$?)$ as indoor parking should be provided for all flats.

Your design should include an indoor swimming pool, which can be located either in the basement or on the rooftop. The roof area should be designed as a green roof or roof garden. The building is allowed to project outward by $0\mathrm{.}8$m from the second floor onward.

Land is extremely valuable in this area; therefore, you need to consider an innovative approach to reduce waste areas. In a commercial sense, waste areas will be the staircase and spaces taken by elevators since the client cannot charge for these areas.

Figure $2$ shows an indicative example of an architectural plan for one floor.

Additional Information:

Taeking an uxisting onsiding on thie laro natior, it elemblishe of the

ground floor should be $2\mathrm{.}5$m$.$

$$The clear height on each level, apart from the ground floor and the basement, should be $3\mathrm{.}0$m$.$

$$A flat roof should be considered for this structure.

$$Each flat should have a storage room, either on the ground floor or on the roof.

$$This site is located in a high seismicity region.

$$The soil is classified as type D$.$

For this assignment, you need to complete the tasks given in Section $3.$

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$2\mathrm{.}2.$ Design Parameters

Parameters associated with the structure are as follows:

Concrete Compression Strength, fo $=$ C$35,35$N$/$mm

Shear lin REinforcemen, Yed Stress $=5000/$mm

Modulus of elasticity, E$=200,000$ N$/$mm$?$

Design Code

$$ Seismic Design of Buildings to Eurocode $8$

Slab Properties:

$$ Slab Thickness $=20$ cm

Recommended Building Loads:

Load type

Dead load

Live load

Story $1$ to $6$

$2\mathrm{.}5$ kN$/$m$?$

$5\mathrm{.}0$ kN$/$m$?$

Roof

$3\mathrm{.}1$ kN$/$m$?$

$1\mathrm{.}5$ kN$/$m$?$

Construction Cost

Value of the Land: $340,000$

Estimated Construction Cost: $1050$ per square metre

Land dimension: See Figure

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$3\mathrm{.}2.$ Analysis and Calculation $($Final Report$)$

$$ Calculation of seismic base shear in the x and y directions using the Eurocode$8$ equivalent static method.

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$3\mathrm{.}3.$ Primary Objectives $-$ Critical Investigation

$1$Examine seismic response of $2$D and $3$D frames using FE & frequency domain

$2$Compare and critically discuss the design results of Eurocode $8$ to the Frequency Domain method $($Size a few elements by each method and then discuss your findings$)$

$3$Investigate how frame type and spacing influence member force

$4$Explore the influence of soil types for seismic analysis

$5$Critically explore various acceptable methods for the assessment of earthquake response and recommend the best method for low$-$rise buildings

$$Laboratory Experiment $-$ Examine the performance of the beam under cyclic load and its impact on ultimate loading capacity $($subject to availability$).$ I have attached the document of what I have so far. I need help with this part : Calculation of seismic base shear in the x and y directions using the Eurocode$8$equivalent static method. again I need help with the part : Calculation of seismic base shear in the x and y directions using the Eurocode$8$equivalent static method. This is the information you should need:

Green roof plan $4.$ Calculations of embodied carhon Fifth floor $2$D plan

Sixth floor plan Third floor $2$D Plan

Fourth floor $2$D plan First floor plan

The first plan is designed for office and commercial purposes. It consists of storage room, bedrooms, offices. kitchen. lift. utilitv. receiving and recention area. The nlan is given below.

Second floor $2$D Plan