$2.$ How do negotiation, mediation, and mini$-$trials differ from arbitration?

$3.$ What are the four steps that parties must take to ensure that the New York Convention applies?

$4.$ What is the separability doctrine under the New York Convention and how does it work to resolve disputes?

$5.$ Under what circumstances might a country refuse to enforce an arbitral award under the New York Convention?

$6.$ Why do parties frequently initiate litigation in courts after the conclusion of arbitration. Does this undermine one of the central rationales for ADR?