$2$uestion $19(0\mathrm{.}357143$ points$)$

Which one of the following statements is correct?

The risk$-$free rate represents the change in purchasing power.

Any return greater than the inflation rate represents the risk premium.

Historical real rates of return must be positive.

Nominal rates exceed real rates by the amount of the risk$-$free rate.

Given a positive rate of inflation, the real rate must be less than the nominal rate.