24. What is the process of modifying behaviour through positive or negative consequences following specific behaviours? a) Pavlovian conditioning classical conditioning c) integrated model of conditioning d) operant conditioning 25. What is a non-response approach that weakens behaviour? a) negative reinforcement b) punishment c) intermittent reinforcement d) extinction 26. What is the term for an individual's beliefs and expectations about his or her ability to successfully accomplish a specific task? a) self-esteem b) self-efficacy c) self-consciousness self-monitoring behaviour 27. What is the difference between "the what" and "how" of goal setting? a) input as compared to output equity perceptions in the goal setting process b) clearly stated and consistent goal compared to the pathway to lead to the goal c) a clear and consistent pathway compared to a clear, consistent and measureable goal d) applicable to all employees as compared to multiple pathways