For example, if the normal boiling point (i.e., boiling point at 760 torr, P1), for a...
Fantastic news! We've Found the answer you've been seeking!
Question:
Transcribed Image Text:
For example, if the normal boiling point (i.e., boiling point at 760 torr, P1), for a liquid is known (T1), the Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be used to calculate the boiling point (T2) at an external pressure (P2) different from 760 torr. Note: in the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, pressure should be expressed in torr, temperature in degrees Kelvin, heat of vaporization in Joules, and R = 8,314 J/mol K. If the heat of a. The normal boiling point for water is 100 °C. vaporization (AHvap) for water is 40.7 kJ, calculate the boiling point of water (in °C) at 25 torr. b. At 25 °C and 25 torr, does water boil? Explain your reasoning. c. What assumption must be made when the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is used to calculate the boiling point of a liquid at a pressure different from 760 torr? d. Because the heat of vaporization is not the same for all substances, a pressure-temperature nomograph has one "built in" (i.e., the heat of vaporization is "forced" to be the same for all substances). Nevertheless, the nomograph can be quite useful for estimating boiling points at reduced pressure. For the vacuum distillation of the pyrolysate in Part II of the experiment, a water aspirator is used to reduce the pressure inside the distillation apparatus. If the water aspirator reduces the pressure inside the apparatus to 25 torr, and the pyrolysate has a boiling point of 70 °C at this pressure, what is the approximate boiling point of the pyrolysate at atmospheric pressure (i.e., 760 torr)? Note: Use the pressure- temperature nomograph in Mayo et al, p. 49. e. Based on the approximate boiling point you determined in part d, could the pyrolysis be carried out at atmospheric pressure (i.e., as a simple distillation)? In other words, is a vacuum distillation necessary? Explain your reasoning. In P2 -AHvap P₁ R 오늘 For example, if the normal boiling point (i.e., boiling point at 760 torr, P1), for a liquid is known (T1), the Clausius-Clapeyron equation can be used to calculate the boiling point (T2) at an external pressure (P2) different from 760 torr. Note: in the Clausius-Clapeyron equation, pressure should be expressed in torr, temperature in degrees Kelvin, heat of vaporization in Joules, and R = 8,314 J/mol K. If the heat of a. The normal boiling point for water is 100 °C. vaporization (AHvap) for water is 40.7 kJ, calculate the boiling point of water (in °C) at 25 torr. b. At 25 °C and 25 torr, does water boil? Explain your reasoning. c. What assumption must be made when the Clausius-Clapeyron equation is used to calculate the boiling point of a liquid at a pressure different from 760 torr? d. Because the heat of vaporization is not the same for all substances, a pressure-temperature nomograph has one "built in" (i.e., the heat of vaporization is "forced" to be the same for all substances). Nevertheless, the nomograph can be quite useful for estimating boiling points at reduced pressure. For the vacuum distillation of the pyrolysate in Part II of the experiment, a water aspirator is used to reduce the pressure inside the distillation apparatus. If the water aspirator reduces the pressure inside the apparatus to 25 torr, and the pyrolysate has a boiling point of 70 °C at this pressure, what is the approximate boiling point of the pyrolysate at atmospheric pressure (i.e., 760 torr)? Note: Use the pressure- temperature nomograph in Mayo et al, p. 49. e. Based on the approximate boiling point you determined in part d, could the pyrolysis be carried out at atmospheric pressure (i.e., as a simple distillation)? In other words, is a vacuum distillation necessary? Explain your reasoning. In P2 -AHvap P₁ R 오늘
Expert Answer:
Answer rating: 100% (QA)
a The ClausiusClapeyron equation is given by lnP2P1 HvapR 1T2 1T1 where P1 760 torr normal boiling point T1 100 K normal boiling point Hvap 407 kJmol R 8314 JmolK P2 25 torr external pressure We need ... View the full answer
Related Book For
Chemistry The Central Science
ISBN: 978-0321696724
12th edition
Authors: Theodore Brown, Eugene LeMay, Bruce Bursten, Catherine Murphy, Patrick Woodward
Posted Date:
Students also viewed these accounting questions
-
Explain how a chemical equation can be used to relate the masses of different substances involved in a reaction.
-
Explain how the AFN equation can be used to forecast the amount of funds that will be needed over a several-year period.
-
The following general equation can be used to determine missing information about balance sheet accounts: Use this equation to determine the missing information in each of the following in dependent...
-
Using java language and data structure In chapter 1 you learned how to merge two sorted lists and get a third list which is also sorted. Write a method named mergeUnsortedLists in an application,...
-
Sara Lee Corp., maker of food, beverage, and household products, is known especially for its baked products, marketed under its corporate name. For the five years ending July 1 of each year from 2002...
-
Each of a group of 20 intermediate tennis players is given two rackets, one having nylon strings and the other synthetic gut strings. After several weeks of playing with the two rackets, each player...
-
US Obesity Levels by State and over Time These questions refer to the graphs found at http://stateofobesity.org/adult-obesity/ which show a sequence of maps of US states, colored by the proportion of...
-
1. The CEO has asked you to help her decide whether to use LIFO or FIFO for inventory casting. Compute the gross profit earned by the company for both LIFO and FIFO 2 The CEO's bonus is calculated...
-
George Kyparisis makes bowling balls in his Miami plant. With recent increases in his costs, he has a newfound interest in efficiency. George is interested in determining the productivity of his...
-
There is an array A made of N integers. Your task is to choose as many integers from A as possible so that, when they are put in ascending order, all of the differences between all pairs of...
-
What is an appropriate estimate of Havasham's terminal value as of the end of 2017 using the perpetual-growth equation as your estimate? The following table presents forecasted financial and other...
-
What is the net present value of the following: To reduce production costs, the production department is exploring the purchase of a new piece of equipment that will cost $1,500,000, at an expected...
-
Explain the all points of in scope : Booking profention sel rares for participants Booking hotel rooms for event staff and keynote speakers Exhibitor registration Participant registration Booking...
-
Although nonquantitative factors may be relevant to a company's financial evaluation in general terms, the details of this specific situation are not relevant to the firm's financial condition or...
-
Describe the company that provides the product or service. Include the following: Location Corporation type (S, C, sole proprietor, or other) Sales model (B2B, direct, etc.) Market share Describe the...
-
How do businesses navigate the complexities of cultural integration and organizational alignment in post-merger integration processes, ensuring seamless coordination and synergy realization across...
-
Use the interaction curves, select the reinforcing bars for the short column shown. f'c = 4000 psi, fy = 60000 psi. -12 in.. 6 # 6 bars 6 # 7 bars 6 # 8 bars 6 # 9 bars 3 in. -x 12 in. 18 in. 3 in. P...
-
You've been asked to take over leadership of a group of paralegals that once had a reputation for being a tight-knit, supportive team, but you quickly figure out that this team is in danger of...
-
Write a balanced equation for each of the following reactions: (a) Burning magnesium metal in a carbon dioxide atmosphere reduces the CO 2 to carbon. (b) In photosynthesis, solar energy is used to...
-
Provide the name or chemical formula, as appropriate, for each of the following acids: (a) Hydroiodic acid (b) Chloric acid (c) Nitrous acid (d) H2CO3 (e) HClO4 (f) CH3COOH
-
Calculate the uncertainty in the position of (a) An electron moving at a speed of (3.00 0.01) x 105 m/s, (b) A neutron moving at this same speed. (The masses of an electron and a neutron are given...
-
Based on the photographs in Figure 26.13, in which segment(s) is the Antp gene normally expressed? Figure 26.13: (a) Normal fly (b) Antennapedia mutant
-
The bush baby, a small African mammal, is a remarkable jumper. Although only about 8 inches long, it can jump, from a standing start, straight up to a height of over 7 feet! Use the particle model to...
-
Your friend Travis claims to have set the new world speed record for riding a unicycle. His top speed, he says, was 55 m/s. Do you believe him? Explain.
Study smarter with the SolutionInn App