$3\mathrm{.}1$ File System State

Consider VSFS$,$ assume an inode in it contains the following three things:

$[$file type, address$-$of$-$data, reference$-$count$]$

We have the initial state of the file system:

Init State:

Inode bitmap: $10000000$

Inode: $[$d a:$0$ r:$2][][][][][][][]$

Data bitmap: $10000000$

Data: $[(.,0)(..,0)][][][][][][][]$

After conducting some operations, the file system state changes to:

Final State:

Inode bitmap: $11000000$

Inode: $[$d a:$0$ r:$2][$f a:$-1$ r:$1][][][][][][]$

Data bitmap: $10000000$

Data: $[(.,0)(..,0),($m$,1)][][][][][][][]$

Q$1$: Please select which operation was conducted there resulting such a state change:

a$)$ create$(/$m$)$

b$)$ mkdir$(/$m$)$

c$)$ unlink$(/$m$)$

d$)$ Append a block to root directory

e$)$ Append a block to root inode

Then, the user took one more operation, leading to another final state:

Final State:

Inode bitmap: $11000000$

Inode: $[$d a:$0$ r:$2][$f a:$-1$ r:$2][][][][][][]$

Data bitmap: $10000000$

Data: $[(.,0)(..,0),($m$,1),($o$,1)][][][][][][][]$

Q$2$: What operation was it$?$

a$)$ mkdir$(/$o$)$

b$)$ unlink$(/$m$)$

c$)$ read$(/$m$)$

d$)$ link$(/$m$,/$o$)$

e$)$ create$(/$o$)$

$3\mathrm{.}2$ File System Links

Imaging the following commands are run on a file system that supports hard and soft links.

echo $$file$>$ file

ln file file$2$

echo $$file$2>>$ file$2$

mv file file$3$

We have the initial state of the file system:

Init State:

Inode bitmap: $10000000$

Inode: $[$d a:$0$ r:$2][][][][][][][]$

Data bitmap: $10000000$

Data: $[(.,0)(..,0)][][][][][][][]$

After conducting some operations, the file system state changes to:

Final State:

Inode bitmap: $11000000$

Inode: $[$d a:$0$ r:$2][$f a:$-1$ r:$1][][][][][][]$

Data bitmap: $10000000$

Data: $[(.,0)(..,0),($m$,1)][][][][][][][]$

Q$1$: Please select which operation was conducted there resulting such a state change:

a$)$ create$(/$m$)$

b$)$ mkdir$(/$m$)$

c$)$ unlink$(/$m$)$

d$)$ Append a block to root directory

e$)$ Append a block to root inode