3. (3%) A program that has been loaded and executing is called a 4. (3%) What is the mode of the system when the operating system gains control? 5. (3%) What kernel data structure can be used for one technique of passing parameters to system calls? 6. (3%) A hardware-generated interrupt is a signal sent to 7. (3%) What special operation triggers a software interrupt? 8. (3%) What type of interrupt does a trap generate? 9. (3%) The common name used to refer to the operating system program is 10. (3%) What is the name of the system call that is used to create a new process by duplicating the calling process in the UNIX system? 11. (3%) The technology that allows us to abstract the hardware of a single computer into several different execution environments is called 12. (4%) Name at least two activities the operating system is responsible for in connection with process management. 13. (4%) Name at least two activities the operating system is responsible for in connection with information maintenance. 14. (4%) What techniques can be used for process communication? 15. (6%) List three of the major categories of system calls: 16. (6%) of the following 5 forms of storage, rank them from the fastest (1) to the slowest (5) in terms of access time: a) main memory b) magnetic disk c) registers d) solid state disk e) cache a) b) c) d)