3. Basing upon the definitions below, please briefly dircuss what open system theory is. Goals: The organization is aware of its core purposes, why it exists and what it wants to achieve. Integration: There are means by which integration of the different groups and subsystems in the organization takes place. these processes of integration ensure that members are able to work together in a cooperative manner. Latency: This is something hidden from view; it is part of the 'taken for granted' aspect of the organization but is where the established patterns in the system are maintained and kept safe; it is "the culture of the organization. Adaptation: The organization can change in order either to maintain equilibrium or move to a higher state of equilibrium. 4. Refer to the information provided below, please shortly explain why adhocracy is associated to matrix organizations. Adhocracy is an organic, free-flowing structure, one with little formalization of behavior; a free-flowing network of communications and a reliance on mutual adjustment and liaisons to achieve coordination within and between these teams. In adhocracies, employees' roles were continually defined and redefined in connection with specific projects and as members of specific cooperative groups or task forces. Adhocracy is primarily a response to an environment that is both dynamic and complex. A dynamic, rapidly changing environment calls for an organic structure, whereas the complex environment calls for a differentiated, decentralized one