3. Open Question (10 Points) First, if you are not familiar with code reuse attacks, please read the following papers:

1) The Geometry of Innocent Flesh on the Bone: Return-into-libc without Function Calls (on the x86)

2) On the Effectiveness of Address-Space Randomization

3) Code-pointer Integrity

4) Control-Flow Bending: On the Effectiveness of Control-Flow Integrity

5) ASLR-Guard: Stopping Address Space Leakage for Code Reuse Attacks

Then read the paper - Jump-oriented programming: a new class of code-reuse attack and explain the similarity and difference between Jump-Oriented Programing and Return-Oriented Programing.