31. While anti-globalists blame globalization for financial crises such as the East Asian crisis in 1997-1998 or the global financial crisis in 2007-2009, crises are caused by a set of factors typically including irresponsible behavior of lenders (commercial banks) and borrowers, and unpredictable economic developments, which make it difficult and more expensive to pay back loans *

(31 of 40)

2 answers to the question.

True

False

32. One of the reasons why Ukraine has not been drawn into the orbit of Global Value Chains is that the cost of labor in manufacturing is in Ukraine much higher than in Poland *

(32 out of 40)

2 answers to the question.

True

False

33. The single most important motive for the emergence and growth of global value chains (GVCs) is the low cost of labor. Therefore, the largest concentration of foreign production associated with GVS takes place in African countries such as Kenya and Zambia and in East European countries such as the Republic of Moldova and Ukraine *

(33 out of 40)

2 answers to the question.

True

False

34. Terms such as "fragmentation" and "relocation" or "delocalization," "outsourcing" and "offshoring," "Global Value Chains "(GVCs) or "Global Supply Chains ", are used to describe the variety of different processes taking place in globalization. Global Supply Chains refer to the extraction and delivery of petroleum and gas to international markets. "Outsourcing" is reserved for the sourcing of copper and coal from countries that possess deposits of these raw materials. "Delocalization" refers to closing a factory in one part of the country and opening it in another part of the same country *

(34 out of 40)

2 answers to the question.

True

False

35.

The first large-scale production fragmentation and relocation in the global economy resulted from the so-called maquiladora program designed by Japan and in the countries of East Asia

*

(35 out of 40)

2 answers to the question.

True

False

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