3.6-2 Two congested senders. Consider the figure below, which shows the application-to-application throughput achieved when two senders are competing at a shared bottleneck link. Suppose that when the overall arrival rate, lambdain' (for each sender) is close to R/2, the throughput to the application layer (at each receiver), lambdaout, is equal to 0.8 * lambdain! R/2 wasted capacity due to retransmissions throughput: Tout when sending at R/2, some packets are needed retransmissions Min wn R/2 What fraction of the packets transmitted at the sender are retransmissions? 0 .20 .50 .80